Effectiveness
IUDs are an extremely effective method of birth control. Most pregnancies happen to IUD users when their IUD comes out without their knowing it. When properly inserted, a small plastic string dangles slightly into the vagina. The string makes it easier for a health care provider or clinician to remove the IUD. It also allows a woman or her health care provider to check that the IUD is still in the correct position.
Side Effects
There are some things to think about when considering the IUD. Problems are rare, but you should know about them and discuss them with your health care provider. There are three main concerns to think about:
1. The IUD may slip out of place, coming out part way or coming all the way out. If it comes all the way out you can get pregnant. The risk of this happening is higher if you’re younger and have never had a baby;
2. If any bacteria enters the uterus when the IUD is inserted, you may get an infection. If the infection is not treated it can make it difficult to get pregnant later; and
3. The IUD may push through the wall of the uterus. Usually the health care provider inserting the IUD can correct this immediately. If it is not caught and fixed right away, it can move around and cause damage. If this happens, you’ll need to have surgery to have it removed.
Serious side effects or problems using the IUD are rare.
Women who are pregnant or suspect they might be pregnant should not have an IUD inserted. Cramping and heavy bleeding, as well as irregular periods, are the most common side effects.
Added Protection
IUDs do not provide protection against STDs, so a barrier method such as condoms is recommended to prevent sexually transmitted infections.